(1176-A) Nanoimpact- Comparative study on biogenic synthesis and Market procured CuO NPs and FeO NPs on rice plant.

Abstract: The widespread application of metal oxide-based nanoparticles has skyrocketed due to their unique features in various industrial realms. The exponential increase in the production of NPs has posed serious concerns about the health of plant crops. The evaluation of the associated plant risk is pivotal. This study emphasizes the current approach to NPs synthesis, interaction with plant to address future applications in maintaining a sustainable environment. Among the various types of NPs, Iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) and Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) due to their specific properties are used in many areas of industries like biomedical devices, glass industry, paint, doping material in semiconductors. Hence, the reckless use and hysterical discharge of these NPs pose a major threat to the agricultural field soil and growth patterns of the crop plant. It is necessary to check its impact on the plant crops. In the present study, the comparative effect of green synthesized (g) and market-procured (m) CuO NPs and FeO NPs were examined in the rice seedlings. CuO and FeO NPs were biosynthesized from green synthesis approach using plant extract of Curcuma amada. These gCuO and gFeO NPs were analyzed by ultraviolet spectrometry-(UV-vis), Particle size analyser (PSA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (FE-SEM EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to know the size, shape, functional groups and crystalline structure of gCuO NPs and gFeO NPs. The present study substantiates that the mCuO NPs (50 µM) and mFeO NPs (200 µM) showed a greater reduction in the shoot length, root length, fresh weight and reduces chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids content in rice seedlings as compared to gCuO (50 µM) and gFeO NPs (200 µM). At same concentration of mCuO NPs and mFeO NPs causes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which hampers the plant metabolism by interfering in photosynthetic, respiratory and gene expression activities. Further, the study showed that green synthesized both NPs having a positive impact on the growth of plant by boosting the antioxidant gene expression pattern as compared to market one. Hence, green synthesis is an ecofriendly approach to synthesize NPs and protect the plant system against oxidative stress by balancing the inbuilt detoxification mechanism in plant cells. In future these green synthesized NPs can be encapsulated in suitable polymers for controlled release of molecules to enhance plant growth against various types of stress and maintain agricultural sustainability. This study paves the way for research on plant-based green synthesis of NPs and their applications in growth development, with the goal of providing stress free and nutrient rich crops.
Keywords: CuO NPs, FeO NPs, ecofriendly, green synthesized, market based, rice seedlings.